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Luis Barreiro, PhD. |
Research
Focus
Luis Barreiro received his undergraduate and Master’s degrees in Biotechnology at Lusófona University, Lisbon, Portugal. In 2008, he obtained his PhD in Human Population Genetics from the University of Paris VII. Luis Barreiro’s research focuses on a better understanding how natural selection has contributed to the evolution of our species and the extent to which past selection events impact present-day susceptibility to disease. Specifically, Barreiro’s lab studies the evolution of immune responses both at the inter-species level as well as among different individuals and human populations.
1) Identification of Genetic Factors of Susceptibility to Infectious Diseases Infectious diseases have always been a major public health problem throughout the world. Despite the recent development of vaccines and antibiotics, there are still nearly 15 million deaths every year attributable to the effects of infectious diseases. Although a significant proportion of inter-individual variation in susceptibility to particular microbes can be attributed to environmental factors such as malnutrition or poor hygienic conditions, a substantial portion is due to host genetic factors. Yet, to date, very little is known about the underlying genetic factors that contribute to differences in susceptibility to infectious diseases at the population level. Using a multidisciplinary approach that combines cutting edge genomic techniques with immunological and evolutionary genetic tools, Dr. Barreiro’s lab aims to identify individual genes, as well as entire pathways, whose transcriptional response to distinct bacterial infections varies among individuals and populations and can be mapped to specific genetic loci (QTLs). Successful mapping of such QTLs will result in the identification of highly-promising genetic candidates of susceptibility to infectious diseases.
2) Evolution of Immune Responses in Primates Humans and our close evolutionary relatives respond differently to a large number of infections. While AIDS, malaria, and cancer kill millions of humans around the world every year, several non-human primates appear to be naturally protected against these diseases. Such differences between humans and other primates are thought to be the result, at least in part, of inter-species differences in immune response to infection. However, due to the lack of comparative functional data across species, the ways in which the immune systems of humans and other primates differ remain unclear. In the laboratory, we are studying the phenotypic evolution of immune responses in primates by combining in-vitro immunological assays with cutting-edge genomic techniques. Our projects promise to identify inter-species differences in early response to infection that may explain differences in susceptibility to diseases among primates.
Keywords
Selected Publications
Barreiro L, Marioni JC, Blekhman R, Stephens M, Gilad Y,Functional comparison of innate immune signaling pathways in primatesPLoS Genet 2010 e1001249.
Barreiro L, Laval G, Quach H, Patin E, Quintana-Murci L,Natural selection has driven population differentiation in modern humansNat Genet 2009 340-345.
Barreiro L, Quintana-Murci L,From evolutionary genetics to human immunology: how selection shapes host defence genesNat Rev Genet 2009 17-30.
External Links
