Publications from TDC and Clinical Epidemiology authors: Latest results from PubMed
Updated: 11 hours 17 min ago
Analysis of Monkeypox Virus Exposures and Lesions by Anatomic Site
We used cross-sectional data from 226 patients with monkeypox virus to investigate the association between anatomic exposure site and lesion development. Penile, anorectal, and oral exposures predicted lesion presence at correlating anatomic sites. Exposure site also predicted the first lesion site of the penis and anus.
HumanIslets.com: Improving accessibility, integration, and usability of human research islet data
HumanIslets.com supports diabetes research by offering easy access to islet phenotyping data, analysis tools, and data download. It includes molecular omics, islet and cellular function assays, tissue processing metadata, and phenotypes from 547 donors. As it expands, the resource aims to improve human islet data quality, usability, and accessibility.
Green Synthesis and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Based on Leaves Extract of <em>Aphania senegalensis</em>
This study focuses on the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the extract of Aphania senegalensis leaves. The extraction was done using maceration at room temperature in water for 48 h. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by IR, XRD, TEM, and SEM. The thermal stability of these nanoparticles was studied by TGA. The zeta potential was used to define the size, charge distribution, and stability of the nanoparticles. Optimization reactions were carried out based on reaction...
Increasing our knowledge about the epidemiology of <em>Helicobacter pylori</em> in Nunavik's Inuit population (Québec, Canada) using <em>Qanuilirpitaa?</em> 2017 cross-sectional survey
Helicobacter pylori is a bacterium that may colonise and proliferate in human stomachs, leading invariably to chronic inflammation and, to a lesser extent, to peptic ulcers and cancer. The main objective of this study is to describe the epidemiology surrounding H. pylori in Nunavik's Inuit population using the 2004 and 2017 Health Surveys. Estimated prevalences were 70.9% for bacterial colonisation using a stool antigens test (SAT), 72.5% for anti-H. pylori antibodies, 12.7% for faecal occult...
Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer activities on cervical cancer cell lines and aero-digestive extract of <em>Moringa oleifera</em>
The phytochemical screening showed that the Moringa oleifera (MO) extract contained many compounds such as polyphenols, polyterpenes, sterols, reducing sugars, and hydrolysates tannins. The MICs of MO extract for microbial strains is 0.73 mg/ml for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 7.5 mg/ml for Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and 0.5 mg/ml for Candida albicans. The MO extract has an IC(50) of 3.403 mg/ml has an antioxidant activity by DPPH radical scavenging. The cytotoxic...
Helminth-derived metabolites induce tolerogenic functional, metabolic, and transcriptional signatures in dendritic cells that attenuate experimental colitis
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic inflammatory diseases in which abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea, weight loss, and fatigue collectively result in diminished quality of patient life. The disappearance of intestinal helminth infections in Western societies is associated with an increased prevalence of IBD and other immune-mediated inflammatory diseases. Evidence indicates that helminths induce tolerogenic dendritic cells (tolDCs), which promote intestinal tolerance and attenuate...
Bridging Hepatitis C Care Gaps: A Modeling Approach for Achieving the WHO's Targets in Ontario, Canada
CONCLUSIONS: Doubling the antibody testing rates, along with increased RNA testing and treatment rates, showed promise in meeting the WHO's goals by 2035.
Genomic Epidemiology of Mycobacterium abscessus on the Island of Montréal Not Suggestive of Healthcare-associated Person-to-Person Transmission
CONCLUSIONS: Genomics alone is insufficient to establish MABC transmission, particularly considering the genetic similarity and wide distribution of DCCs, although pan-genome analysis has the potential to add further insight. Our findings indicate that MABC infections in Montréal are unlikely attributable to healthcare-associated person-to-person transmission.
P-glycoproteins in anthelmintic safety, efficacy, and resistance
P-glycoprotein (PGP) is a pivotal transmembrane transporter governing the cellular flux of diverse substances shielding mammals from toxics. It can thwart the effectiveness of medicines such as ivermectin (IVM) and other macrocyclic lactone (ML) anthelmintics, undermining therapeutic efforts. We analyze the role of PGPs in limiting the toxicity of these drugs in hosts, and their potential contribution to anthelmintic resistance in nematodes. Targeting nematode PGPs to increase drug sensitivity...
Streamlining malaria prevention recommendations for travellers: current and future approaches
No abstract
Population immunity to varicella in Canada: A Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) study
INTRODUCTION: The incidence of varicella in Canada has decreased by almost 99% since vaccination was introduced. However, variation in the timing and eligibility of vaccination programs across the country has resulted in some cohorts being under-vaccinated and therefore potentially susceptible to infection.
Pilot-Scale Screening of Clinically Approved Drugs to Identify Uridine Insertion/Deletion RNA Editing Inhibitors in <em>Trypanosoma brucei</em>
RNA editing pathway is a validated target in kinetoplastid parasites (Trypanosoma brucei, Trypanosoma cruzi, and Leishmania spp.) that cause severe diseases in humans and livestock. An essential large protein complex, the editosome, mediates uridine insertion and deletion in RNA editing through a stepwise process. This study details the discovery of editosome inhibitors by screening a library of widely used human drugs using our previously developed in vitro biochemical Ribozyme Insertion...
The population-level impact of introducing rapid diagnostic tests on syphilis transmission in Canadian arctic communities - a mathematical modeling study
BACKGROUND: Canadian Arctic communities have experienced sustained syphilis transmission, with diagnoses rates 18-times higher than the national average. Remoteness from laboratory facilities leads to delays between syphilis screening and treatment, contributing to onward transmission. Rapid diagnostic tests can eliminate treatment delays via testing at the point-of-care. This study aims to describe syphilis diagnostic gaps and to estimate the impact of introducing rapid diagnostic tests at the...
Characterization of a vacuolar importer of secologanin in Catharanthus roseus
Monoterpenoid indole alkaloid (MIA) biosynthesis in Catharanthus roseus is a paragon of the spatiotemporal complexity achievable by plant specialized metabolism. Spanning a range of tissues, four cell types, and five cellular organelles, MIA metabolism is intricately regulated and organized. This high degree of metabolic differentiation requires inter-cellular and organellar transport, which remains understudied. Here, we have characterized a vacuolar importer of secologanin belonging to the...
Inconsistent Transcriptomic Responses to Hexabromocyclododecane in Japanese Quail: A Comparative Analysis of Results From Four Different Study Designs
Efforts to use transcriptomics for toxicity testing have classically relied on the assumption that chemicals consistently produce characteristic transcriptomic signatures that are reflective of their mechanism of action. However, the degree to which transcriptomic responses are conserved across different test methodologies has seldom been explored. With increasing regulatory demand for New Approach Methods (NAMs) that use alternatives to animal models and high-content approaches such as...
Impact of Cannabidiol and Exercise on Clinical Outcomes and Gut Microbiota for Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in Cancer Survivors: A Case Report
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) remains a clinical challenge for up to 80% of breast cancer survivors. In an open-label study, participants underwent three interventions: standard care (duloxetine) for 1 month (Phase 1), oral cannabidiol (CBD) for 2 months (Phase 2), and CBD plus multi-modal exercise (MME) for another 2 months (Phase 3). Clinical outcomes and gut microbiota composition were assessed at baseline and after each phase. We present the case of a 52-year-old female...
Characteristics associated with SARS-CoV-2 testing, infection and vaccine uptake among essential non-healthcare workers in Montréal, 2021
CONCLUSION: Consideration of individual and business characteristics associated with testing and vaccination programs for SARS-CoV-2 could improve equity, uptake and impact.
Proteomic predictors of individualized nutrient-specific insulin secretion in health and disease
Population-level variation and mechanisms behind insulin secretion in response to carbohydrate, protein, and fat remain uncharacterized. We defined prototypical insulin secretion responses to three macronutrients in islets from 140 cadaveric donors, including those with type 2 diabetes. The majority of donors' islets exhibited the highest insulin response to glucose, moderate response to amino acid, and minimal response to fatty acid. However, 9% of donors' islets had amino acid responses, and...
Patient characteristics and antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae infections in international travellers: a GeoSentinel analysis
CONCLUSIONS: E. coli and K. pneumoniae infections in travellers, particularly those to Asia, may be challenging to empirically treat. Our analysis highlights the significant health risks these infections pose to travellers and emphasises the escalating global threat of AMR. Enhanced, systematic AMR surveillance in travellers is needed, along with prospective data on infection risk post travel-related AMR organism acquisition.
Epidemiology of Travel-Associated Dengue from 2007 to 2022: A GeoSentinel Analysis
CONCLUSIONS: A broad range of international travellers should be aware of the risk of acquiring dengue and receive appropriate pretravel counselling regarding preventive measures. Prospective cohort studies are needed to further elucidate dengue risk by destination and over time, as well as severe outcomes and prolonged morbidity (long-dengue) due to travel-related dengue.