The Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)

Full name of scale

PANSS – Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale for Schizophrenia

Languages

English, French, Korean, Chinese Mandarin, Brazilian Portuguese, Arabic, Lebanese, Russian, Japanese, many others

French language reference

Lancon, C., Reine, G., Llorca, P. M., & Auquier, P. (1999). Validity and reliability of the French‐language version of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, 100(3), 237-243.

Rater

Clinician-rated

Training

Yes, must be trained to standardized level of reliability

Utility

It is a 30-item scale used to evaluate the presence, absence and severity of Positive, Negative and General Psychopathology symptoms of schizophrenia. The 30 items are arranged as seven positive symptom subscale items, seven negative symptom subscale items, and 16 general psychopathology symptom items. Each item has a definition and a basis for rating. All 30 items are rated on a 7-point scale (1 = absent; 7 = extreme). (retrieved from https://panss.org/, December 6^th, 2022)

Time to complete

30- to 40-minute semi-formalized psychiatric interview

Cost/license

https://panss.org/