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DESCRIPTION:John Galaty (Department of Anthropology\, McGill)\n\n'A Deep Hi
 story of Pastoralism in Eastern Africa: From the Origins of Domestication 
 to the Indigenization of Pastoral Modernities'\n\nRecent archaeological fi
 ndings show sacrifice of pre-domesticated aurochs near the Red Sea Hills\,
  suggesting that an African site of cattle domestication may have been ins
 pired by religious motives. Unlike the domestication process in the Middle
  East\, which was associated with early agriculture\, in northeast Africa 
 it was carried out by hunting\, fishing and foraging people. The cow then 
 served as an icon of social identity and a source of prestige and meat\, a
 nd only later as a source of milking. Associated with religious ideas emph
 asizing an overarching divinity\, guilt and penance\, blessing and cursing
 \, sacrifice of cattle connected human and divine forces among early Nilo-
 Saharan peoples\, who through Semitic-speakers came to influence the cultu
 res of the Middle-East. Nilo-Saharan pastoralists flowed westward through 
 the Sahara and southward down the Rift Valley\, where they interacted (and
  still interact) with Eastern Cushitic societies\, giving rise to mutual c
 ultural influences. Today the long line of cleavage between them is a site
  of mutual influence\, multilingualism\, and enduring conflict\, between M
 aa-speakers and both Oromo and Somali speakers.\n\nThe spread of pastoral 
 societies marks processes of absorption and expansion\, as herding culture
 s have created innovative institutions (segmentary lineages\; age-sets\; g
 eneration-sets) to allow decentralized economies to benefit from periodic 
 and opportunistic forms of centralized political leadership. During the co
 lonial and post-colonial periods\, highly volatile forms of territoriality
  have been fixed in place\, resulting in land loss through commodification
  of land rights. But many social institutions and husbandry practices have
  been perpetuated despite influences of the state and market\, and more ge
 nerally of cultural modernity\, with the capacity for organized violence c
 ontinuing to be directed at expansion\, territorial defense\, and livestoc
 k theft\, using time-tried practices tied to veneration of livestock and t
 heir ritual roles. As education\, religious conversion and national identi
 ties have grown\, the indigenization of pastoral modernity still provides 
 a cultural foundation for contemporary rangeland dwellers.\n\nLight refres
 hments served.\n
DTSTART:20251203T200000Z
DTEND:20251203T220000Z
LOCATION:Room 116\, Peterson Hall\, CA\, QC\, Montreal\, H3A 0E6\, 3460 rue
  McTavish
SUMMARY:IOWC Speaker Series: John Galaty
URL:https://www.mcgill.ca/history/channels/event/iowc-speaker-series-john-g
 alaty-367666
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