Orexin neurons respond differentially to auditory cues associated with appetitive versus aversive outcomes.Hassani, O.K., Krause, M.R., Mainville, L., Cordova, C.A., and Jones, B.E. (2016). Orexin Neurons Respond Differentially to Auditory Cues Associated with Appetitive versus Aversive Outcomes. J Neurosci 36, 1747-1757.
Movie 1. Rat trained and submitted to S/Q procedure. Video recording (~50 sec) showing behavioral responses of a rat (#BB41) to the presentation of Tone 2 associated with quinine (Q) and Tone 1 associated with sucrose (S). Note that after the 2 s period during which Tone 2 (in red) was presented, the rat appeared highly aroused but did not lick and thus did not receive the quinine solution. In contrast, after the 2 sec period during which Tone 1 was presented (in green), the rat responded vigorously by licking and thus received a drop of sucrose.
Movie 2. Rat trained and submitted to S/NS procedure. Video recording (~50 sec) showing behavioral responses of a rat (#BB46) to the presentation of Tone 2 associated with no sucrose (NS) and Tone 1 associated with sucrose (S). Note that, after the 2 sec period during which Tone 2 (in red) was presented, the rat appeared aroused and responded by very brief licking for which he received no sucrose solution. After Tone 1(in green), the rat responded vigorously by licking and thus received a drop of sucrose.
