1. About this guide

What's in this guide?

American Psychological Association (APA) citation style is widely used in management and the social sciences. This guide gives APA citation style examples for selected management research sources at McGill, with a focus on online resources.

2. Citing sources in the text of your assignment

With page numbers (print or online)

To cite a source in the text of your report, indicate the last name of the author/s, or if there is no author the first few words of the document title (in quotation marks), then the year of publication, and then the page, chapter, figure or table numbers (if applicable).

Ex: (Halachmi, 2005, p. 315) (Griffiths & Lyle, 2005, p. A.24) (Smith et al., 1997, p. 151) (Savard, 2001; Daniel, 2005) (Ipsos-Reid, 2001) (“Largest DVD Markets,” 2006)

Without page numbers

Indicate the last name of the author/s or if there is no author the first few words of the document title (in quotation marks), then the year of publication, then cite the nearest heading and the number of the paragraphs following, preceded by the paragraph symbol or the abbreviation para.

Ex: (Euromonitor, 2007, Prospects section, para. 1) (Morales, 2007, ¶2)

Two or more works, same author, same year

To differentiate between two or more works by the same author in the same year assign letter suffixes to the publication year, both in text and in the corresponding reference list entries.

Ex: (Datamonitor, 2007b, p. 14) (Datamonitor, 2007a, p. 5)

see also

• APA Formatting and Style Guide from Purdue University
• APA Publication Manual

3. Citing sources in your reference list

How to format your reference list

Placement: Start the reference list on a new page, after the body of the assignment.

Title: Type the word References at the top of the page and centered

Order: Order entries by last name of author or, if no author, first word of title (excluding A, An, The, etc.)

Spacing: Double-space all entries

Indentation: The first line of each entry should be left aligned, subsequent lines are indented

see also

• APA Formatting and Style Guide from Purdue University
• APA Publication Manual

Two or more works, same author, same year

To differentiate between two or more works by the same author in the same year, assign letter suffixes to the publication year.

Datamonitor. (2007a, February). Gaz Métropolitain: Company profile.      Retrieved April 6, 2007, from MarketLine database.

Datamonitor. (2007b, March). Global energy: Industry profile.      Retrieved April 6, 2007, from MarketLine database.

Annual reports/company filings

From a company website

Microsoft Corp. (2006). Annual report. Retrieved February 14, 2007,      from http://www.microsoft.com/msft/reports/ar06/

From SEDAR

Canadian Tire Corporation Ltd. (2007, January 19). Form 51-102F3 –      Material change report. Retrieved February 22, 2007, from SEDAR      database.

From Mergent Online

Weyerhaeuser Co., Ltd. (2004, December 26). Annual report.      Retrieved January 24, 2006, from Mergent Online database.

Legal Materials

Legal materials can be formatted using the APA style; however, it is recommended that legal materials such as case law, regulations, policies, etc. are cited using a legal citation style guides, including the Canadian Guide to Uniform Legal Citation (Canadian) and The Bluebook: A Uniform System of Citation (US). For more information, ask a librarian.

Articles

Author, A. A., Author, B. B., & Author, C. C. (Year). Title of article:      Subtitle if applicable. Title of Periodical, volume number(issue      number), start page - end page. Retrieved Month day, year, from      Example database. OR http://web address

Database restricted to McGill users, e.g. ABI/Inform (ProQuest), Business Source Premier (EBSCO), Factiva, etc.

Halachmi, A. (2005). Governance and risk management: Challenges      and public productivity. International Journal of Public Sector      Management, 18(4), 300-317. Retrieved April 16, 2007, from      Business Source Premier database.

Chou, Y., Lee, C., & Chung, J. (2004). Understanding m-commerce      payment systems through the analytic hierarchy process. Journal      of Business Research, 57(12), 1423-1430. Retrieved March 22,      2007, from ABI/INFORM database.

Griffiths , R. & Lyle, G. (2005, December 22). Why young people don't      vote. National Post, p. A.24. Retrieved March 22, 2007, from      Factiva database.

Online magazine/journal/newspaper, not restricted

Chase, K. (2007, March 26). Confessions of a PVR user. Marketing      Magazine. Retrieved March 28, 2007, from      http://www.marketingmag.ca/magazine/current/feature/article.jsp?
     content=20070326_69157_69157

Morales, S. (2007, February 28). A greying population: What does it      mean for Canada? Retrieved March 22, 2007, from      http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/seniors/

• see also: Web sites

Bloomberg

Bloomberg L.P. (2006). Stock price graph for Bombardier 10/1/06      to 12/1/06. Retrieved March 19, 2007, from Bloomberg database.

Books

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of work:      Capital letter also for subtitle (Xth ed.). Location: Publisher.

Kelloway, E.K., Barling, J., & Hurrell, J.J. Jr. (2006). Handbook of      workplace violence. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications.

McCraw, T.K. (Ed.). (1988). The essential Alfred Chandler: Essays      toward a historical theory of big business. Boston: Harvard      Business School Press.

eBook

Fitz-enz, J. (2000). The ROI of human capital: Measuring the economic       value of employee performance. New York: AMACOM Books.      Retrieved February 16, 2005, from NetLibrary database.

Book chapter

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of publication). Title of chapter. In      A. Editor & B. Editor (Eds.), Title of book (pp. start page of chapter      – end page of chapter). Location: Publisher.

Stoleson, M. (2006). The World Bank: Buy, sell, or hold? In N. Birdsall      (Ed.). Rescuing the World Bank (pp. 195 – 201). Washington, D.C.:      Center for Global Development.

Corporate Affiliations

LexisNexis. (2007) Centerpoint Data, LLC. Retrieved January 6, 2007,      from Corporate Affiliations database.

EIU

Economist Intelligence Unit. (2006, March). Country commerce:      Kenya. Retrieved January 22, 2007, from Economist Intelligence      Unit database.

eMarketer

eMarketer. (2006, April 18). Worldwide e-book revenues, 2004 & 2005      (millions and % increase versus prior year). Retrieved January 31,      2007, from eMarketer database.

Verna, P. (2007, April). Video game advertising: Getting to the next      level. Retrieved April 17, 2007, from eMarketer database.

Factiva

• see: Articles

Reuters. (2007). Google Inc company snapshot. Retrieved January 22,      2007, from Factiva database.

Reuters Investor. (2007). Daily prices comparison chart for Google      and NASDAQ 1/17/07 to 4/17/07. Retrieved April 17, 2007, from      Factiva database.

FP Advisor

FPInfomart.ca. (2007, March 17). Biotechnology industry report.      Retrieved March 20, 2007, from FP Advisor database.

GMID

Euromonitor. (2007, February 26). Cat food – Canada. Retrieved      March 6, 2007, from Global Market Information Database.

Hoover's Company Records

Colbert, C. (2007, March 15). LVMH Moët Hennessy Louis Vuitton SA.      Retrieved March 22, 2007, from Hoover’s Company Records      database.

MarketLine

Datamonitor. (2007, March). Global energy: Industry profile.      Retrieved April 6, 2007, from MarketLine database.

Market Share Reporter

Print format

Largest DVD markets worldwide, 2004. (2006). In R. S. Lazich (Ed.),      Market Share Reporter 2007 (Vol. 2, p. 784). Detroit, MI: Thomson      Gale.

Electronic format

Largest high-speed ISPs in Canada. (2003). Market Share Reporter      (13th ed.). Retrieved November 15, 2005, from Lexis-Nexis      database.

Mergent Online

Mergent. (2006). Amazon.com Inc. Retrieved April 18, 2007, from      Mergent Online database.

Mergent WebReports

Mergent. (2006, June). The North America retailing sectors. Retrieved      August 15, 2006, from Mergent WebReports database.

NetAdvantage

Standard and Poor's. (2007, March 31). Verizon Communications Inc.      Standard & Poor's Stock Reports. Retrieved April 2, 2007, from      NetAdvantage database.

Milton, D. (2006, October 26). Restaurants. Standard & Poor's      Industry Surveys. Retrieved January 22, 2007, from NetAdvantage      database.

PMB

Print Measurement Bureau. (2006). Whether have a mortage (Table      28). PMB 2006 Category Reports: Total Canada. Retrieved      February 14, 2007, from PMB database.

Web sites

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication or n.d. if not dated).      Title of document. Retrieved Month day, year, from http://Web      address

Bullfrog Power. (n.d.). Clean power. Retrieved March 21, 2007, from      http://www.bullfrogpower.com/clean/clean.cfm

Ipsos-Reid. (2001, November). National camping study. Retrieved July      30, 2003, from http://www.ccamping.org/study/index.php

Morales, S. (2007, February 28). A greying population: What does it      mean for Canada? Retrieved March 22, 2007, from      http://www.cbc.ca/news/background/seniors/

McGill University. (2006, August 22). Administrative microcomputer      policies and guidelines. Retrieved October 14, 2006, from      http://www.mcgill.ca/adminhandbook/policies/microcomputer/