Appendix C

Appendix C

General Properties of Some Radionuclides Currently Used in Research

Radio- nucli- ides	Half-life	Particles type, energy in MeV (int. %)	Photons type, energy in Mev (int. %)	Gamma dose rate (mR/h at 1m/ mCi)	ALI(1) ingestion (MBq/ Yr)	ALI inhalation (MBq/ Yr)
3 H	12.3 y	-,.018(100)	-	-	1000	1000(2)
13 N	9.97 s	+,1.2(100)	,0.511(200)	-	Contact RSO(3)	-
14 C	5720 y	-,0.156(100)	-	-	34	3000(4)
15 O	122 s	+,1.7(100)	,0.511(200)	-	Contact RSO	-
18 F	109 m	+,0.633(97)	,0.511(194)	-	400	200
22 Na	2.6 y	+,0.545(90)	,1.23(100) ,0.511(180)	1.2	6	10(5)
24 Na	15 h	-,1.39(100)	,1.37(100) ,2.75(100)	1.84	Contact RSO	-
32 P	14.3 d	-,1.71(100)	-	-	8	7
33 P	25.4 d	-,0.249(100)	-	-	80	20
35 S	87.2 d	-,0.167(100)	-	-	26	200(6)
36 Cl	3 X 105 y	-,0.714	-	-	20	40
42 K	12.4 h	-,2.0(18) -,3.5(82)	,1.5(17.9)	0.14	Contact RSO	-
45 Ca	163 d	-,0.357(100)	-	-	30	9
46 Sc	84 d	-,0.357(100)	,0.89(100) ,1.12(100)	1.1	Contact RSO	-
51 Cr	27.8 d	-	X-ray,0.005(18) ,0.320(9.8)	0.016	530	600(7)
55 Fe	2.7 y	-	X-ray,0.006(28)	-	100	60(8)
59 Fe	44.5 d	-,0.130(1.2) -,0.273(46) -,0.465(53) -,1.565(0.18)	,0.142(1.0) ,0.192(3.0) ,1.099(56) ,1.291(44)	0.64	10	6(8)
57 Co	271 d	-	X-ray,0.006(56) ,0.014(9.5) ,0.122(85) ,0.136(10.6) ,0.692(0.16)	0.09	95	30(9)
58 Co	71.4 d	+,0.474(15)	,0.810(99.4) ,0.511(31)	0.55	27	10(9)
60 Co	5.261 y	-,0.320(100)	,1.17(100) ,1.33(100)	1.32	6	1(9)
63 Ni	92 y	-,0.67(100)	-	-	100	10(10)
65 Zn	244 d	+,0.329(1.4)	X-ray,0.008(34) ,1.12(51) ,0.511(2.9)	0.27	Contact RSO	-
67 Ga	78 h	e-,0.009(32)	X-ray,0.009(56) ,0.093(41) ,0.184(21) ,0.208(2.3) ,0.300(16.8) ,0.393(4.7) ,0.887(0.15)	0.11	100	70(11)
75 Se	119 d	-	X-ray,0.01(50) X-ray,0.012(7.6) ,0.066(1.1) ,0.096(3.5) ,0.121(17.7) ,0.136(61) ,0.198(1.5) ,0.264(59) ,0.279(25.2) ,0.303(1.3) ,0.400(11.4)	0.2	Contact RSO	-
85Kr	10.7 y	-,0.67(99)	,0.514(42)	0.004	Contact RSO	-
86 Rb	18.7 d	-,0.698(8.7) -,1.774(91.2)	,1.076(8.8)	0.05	Contact RSO	-
85 Sr	65.1d	-	X-ray,0.514(99)	-	36	40(12)
90 Sr	28.1 y	-,0.546(100)	-	-	0.7	0.3(12)
99 Mo	66 h	-,0.436(16.6) -,0.847(1.2) -,1.214(82)	X-ray,0.018(3.3) ,0.366(1.2) ,0.739(12.2) ,0.778(4.3)	0.18	Contact RSO	-
99m Tc	6.0 h	e-,0.119(8.0) e-,0.137(1.1)	X-ray,0.018(6.2) X-ray,0.021(1.2) ,0.14(88.9)	0.07	900	700(13)
109 Cd	464 d	e-,0.062(42) e-,0.084(44) e-,0.07(10.2)	X-ray,0.022(84) X-ray,0.025(18) ,0.088(3.7)	-	Contact RSO	-
119m Sn	293 d	e-,0.023(16.8) e-,0.036(32) e-,0.062(52) e-,0.065(16)	X-ray,0.025(23) X-ray,0.029(5) ,0.024(16)	-	60	10
123 I	13.3 h	e-,0.022(12) e-,0.127(14) e-,0.154(2)	X-ray,0.027(71) X-ray,0.031(16) ,0.159(83) ,0.0528(1.4)	-	95	200
125 I	59.6 d	e-,0.003(156) e-,0.004(80) e-,0.023(21) e-,0.031(10.5) e-,0.035(3)	X-ray,0.0004(15) X-ray,0.027(114) X-ray,0.031(26) ,0.035(6.7)	0.15	1	1(14)
129 I	1.57 X 107 y	-,0.1544(100)	,0.0396(7.5)	-	Contact RSO	-
131 I	8.04 d	-,0.248(2) -,0.303(0.6) -,0.334(7.4) -,0.606(89.4) -,0.806(0.4)	X-ray,0.029(3.9) X-ray,0.033(0.9) ,0.08(2.6) ,0.284(6.1) ,0.364(81) ,0.636(7.3) ,0.722(1.8)	0.22	1	1(14)
133 Xe	5.3 d	e-,0.045(52) e-,0.075(8.5) e-,0.08(2.3) -,0.346(99.3)	X-ray,0.031(38) X-ray,0.035(8.8) ,0.081(37)	0.01	Contact RSO for DAC(15)	-
133 Ba	10.7 y	e-,0.045(47)	X-ray,0.043(17) X-ray,0.031(97) X-ray,0.035(23) ,0.053(2.2) ,0.079(2.6) ,0.081(34) ,0.276(7.1) ,0.302(18.4) ,0.356(62.1) ,0.383(8.9)	0.24	20	10
137 Cs	30 y	-,0.511(94.6) -,1.173(5.4) e-,0.624(8.2) e-,0.655(1.6) e-,0.66(0.5)	X-ray,0.032(4) X-ray,0.036(1.4) ,0.661(90)	0.33	2

(1) Annual Limit of Intake
(2) as tritiated water
(3) Radiation Safety Officer
(4) as CO₂
(5) all compounds
(6) as vapour
(7) as oxides and hydroxides
(8) as oxides, hydroxides and halides
(9) as oxides, hydroxides, halides and nitrates
(10) as carbonyl gas
(11) as oxides, hydroxides, carbides, halides and nitrates
(12) most compounds
(13) as oxides, hydroxides, halides and nitrates
(14) as vapour
(15) Derived Air Concentration
Half lives: y = year; d = day; h = hour; s = second